Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15(6):1240-1251. doi:10.7150/ijbs.33044 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Epigenetic Down-Regulation of Sirt 1 via DNA Methylation and Oxidative Stress Signaling Contributes to the Gestational Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Fetal Programming of Heart Ischemia-Sensitive Phenotype in Late Life

Zewen Chen1,2, Lei Gong1, Peng Zhang1, Yong Li1, Bailin Liu1, Lubo Zhang1, Jian Zhuang2✉, Daliao Xiao1✉

1. Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
2. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China

Citation:
Chen Z, Gong L, Zhang P, Li Y, Liu B, Zhang L, Zhuang J, Xiao D. Epigenetic Down-Regulation of Sirt 1 via DNA Methylation and Oxidative Stress Signaling Contributes to the Gestational Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Fetal Programming of Heart Ischemia-Sensitive Phenotype in Late Life. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15(6):1240-1251. doi:10.7150/ijbs.33044. https://www.ijbs.com/v15p1240.htm
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Abstract

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Rationale: The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing worldwide. However, whether and how GDM exposure induces fetal programming of adult cardiac dysfunctional phenotype, especially the underlying epigenetic molecular mechanisms and theranostics remain unclear. To address this problem, we developed a late GDM rat model.

Methods: Pregnant rats were made diabetic on day 12 of gestation by streptozotocin (STZ). Experiments were conducted in 6 weeks old offspring.

Results: There were significant increases in ischemia-induced cardiac infarction and gender-dependent left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in male offspring in GDM group as compared to controls. Exposure to GDM enhanced ROS level and caused a global DNA methylation in offspring cardiomyocytes. GDM attenuated cardiac Sirt 1 protein and p-Akt/Akt levels, but enhanced autophagy-related proteins expression (Atg 5 and LC3 II/LC3 I) as compared to controls. Ex-vivo treatment of DNA methylation inhibitor, 5-Aza directly inhibited Dnmt3A and enhanced Sirt 1 protein expression in fetal hearts. Furthermore, treatment with antioxidant, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) in offspring reversed GDM-mediated DNA hypermethylation, Sirt1 repression and autophagy-related gene protein overexpression in the hearts, and rescued GDM-induced deterioration in heart ischemic injury and LV dysfunction.

Conclusion: Our data indicated that exposure to GDM induced offspring cardiac oxidative stress and DNA hypermethylation, resulting in an epigenetic down-regulation of Sirt1 gene and aberrant development of heart ischemia-sensitive phenotype, which suggests that Sirt 1-mediated signaling is the potential therapeutic target for the heart ischemic disease in offspring.

Keywords: GDM, ROS, Sirt 1, DNA methylation, heart ischemia-sensitive phenotype


Citation styles

APA
Chen, Z., Gong, L., Zhang, P., Li, Y., Liu, B., Zhang, L., Zhuang, J., Xiao, D. (2019). Epigenetic Down-Regulation of Sirt 1 via DNA Methylation and Oxidative Stress Signaling Contributes to the Gestational Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Fetal Programming of Heart Ischemia-Sensitive Phenotype in Late Life. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 15(6), 1240-1251. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.33044.

ACS
Chen, Z.; Gong, L.; Zhang, P.; Li, Y.; Liu, B.; Zhang, L.; Zhuang, J.; Xiao, D. Epigenetic Down-Regulation of Sirt 1 via DNA Methylation and Oxidative Stress Signaling Contributes to the Gestational Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Fetal Programming of Heart Ischemia-Sensitive Phenotype in Late Life. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 2019, 15 (6), 1240-1251. DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.33044.

NLM
Chen Z, Gong L, Zhang P, Li Y, Liu B, Zhang L, Zhuang J, Xiao D. Epigenetic Down-Regulation of Sirt 1 via DNA Methylation and Oxidative Stress Signaling Contributes to the Gestational Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Fetal Programming of Heart Ischemia-Sensitive Phenotype in Late Life. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15(6):1240-1251. doi:10.7150/ijbs.33044. https://www.ijbs.com/v15p1240.htm

CSE
Chen Z, Gong L, Zhang P, Li Y, Liu B, Zhang L, Zhuang J, Xiao D. 2019. Epigenetic Down-Regulation of Sirt 1 via DNA Methylation and Oxidative Stress Signaling Contributes to the Gestational Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Fetal Programming of Heart Ischemia-Sensitive Phenotype in Late Life. Int J Biol Sci. 15(6):1240-1251.

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