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Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16(3):388-395. doi:10.7150/ijbs.39773 This issue Cite

Research Paper

A Real-World Study on Diagnosis and Treatment of Uterine Sarcoma in Western China

Dan Li¹, Na Yin², Guobo Du³, Shaohua Wang⁴, Zhibo Xiao⁵, Jinyun Chen^1,6, Wenzhi Chen^1,7✉

1. Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-Founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Minimally-invasive and Noninvasive Medicine, Chongqing 400016, China.
2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
3. Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China.
4. Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
5. Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
6. Ultrasound Ablation Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
7. Clinical Center for Tumor Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.

✉ Corresponding author: Jin-yun Chen, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing 400016, PR China. E-mail: chenjyedu.cn. or Wenzhi Chen, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Email: chenwzedu.cn. More

Abstract

Uterine sarcomas constitute a rare heterogeneous group of gynecological malignancies with aggressive characteristics and poor prognosis. They have similar clinical features to benign leiomyomata making them difficult to reliably identify prior to hysterectomy. The preoperative prediction of uterine sarcoma remains a clinical dilemma. The current study conducted a multicentre, retrospective study to examine the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis, the consequent influence on therapy, and survival factors in patients with uterine sarcoma in Western China. Four affiliated hospitals of the medical college in Western China over a six-year period. One hundred and fourteen patients diagnosed with low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS), high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (HG-ESS), undifferentiated uterine sarcoma (UUS), leiomyosarcoma (LMS), or adenosarcoma (AS) were analyzed. The median age at diagnosis was 47 years. Eighty (70.2%) patients were premenopausal and 34 (29.8%) post-menopausal. The most common pathological type was LG-ESS (43.9%). The diagnostic sensitivity of ultrasound for uterine malignant tumors was 11.0%, much lower than MRI (35.3%) and CT (63.0%). Unlike MRI, most of the patients who underwent CT (88.2%) examination were at the advanced stage. Forty-seven (41.2%) patients with uterine sarcoma were diagnosed with uterine malignant tumor before operation. Thirty-two (47.8%) patients who were misdiagnosed before operation needed reoperation and five patients (4.6%) diagnosed after radical surgery developed distant metastasis simultaneously. The recommended treatment of 87.0% of the patients with uterine sarcoma was total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingooophorectomy, and 53.7% of patients received adjuvant chemotherapy after operation. Pelvic lymph node status were clarified in 47 patients (43.5%), which were higher in HG-ESS and UUS groups, and lower in LMS group (P = 0.013). In univariate analysis, we found a significant association between tumour histological types, tumour stage, menstrual status, elevated preoperative neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and overall survival. In multivariate analysis, we only observed a significant association between tumour histological types and tumour stage and overall survival.

Keywords: adjuvant therapy, China, preoperative diagnosis, uterine sarcoma, survival

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