Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14(5):497-507. doi:10.7150/ijbs.22409 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes Schwann cell viability and proliferation via the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway

Cong Ren1, Xiaohui Chen2, Ning Du2, Shuo Geng3, Yingying Hu4, Xin Liu2, Xianxian Wu2, Yuan Lin2, Xue Bai2, Wenzhe Yin1, Shi Cheng1, Lei Yang3✉, Yong Zhang2,5✉

1. Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, China.
2. Departmentof Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, eilongjiang Province 150081, China.
3. Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150001, China.
4. Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
5. Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, China.

Citation:
Ren C, Chen X, Du N, Geng S, Hu Y, Liu X, Wu X, Lin Y, Bai X, Yin W, Cheng S, Yang L, Zhang Y. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes Schwann cell viability and proliferation via the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14(5):497-507. doi:10.7150/ijbs.22409. https://www.ijbs.com/v14p0497.htm
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Abstract

Graphic abstract

Background: It has been reported that ultrasound enhances peripheral nerve regeneration, but the mechanism remains elusive. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been reported to enhance proliferation and alter protein production in various types of cells. In this study, we detected the effects of LIPUS on Schwann cells.

Material and methods: Schwann cells were separated from new natal Sprague-Dawley rat sciatic nerves and were cultured and purified. The Schwann cells were treated by LIPUS for 10 minutes every day, with an intensity of 27.37 mW/cm2. After treatment for 5 days, MTT, EdU staining, and flow cytometry were performed to examine cell viability and proliferation. Neurotrophic factors, including FGF, NGF, BDNF, and GDNF, were measured by western blot and real-time PCR. GSK-3β, p-GSK-3β, β-catenin and Cyclin D1 protein levels were detected using a western blot analysis. The expression of Cyclin D1 was also detected by immunofluorescence.

Results: MTT and EdU staining showed that LIPUS increased the Schwann cells viability and proliferation. Compared to the control group, LIPUS increased the expression of growth factors and neurotrophic factors, including FGF, NGF, BDNF, GDNF, and Cyclin D1. Meanwhile, GSK-3β activity was inhibited in the LIPUS group as demonstrated by the increased level of p-GSK-3β and the ratio of the p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β level. The mRNA and protein expressions of β-catenin were increased in the LIPUS group. However, SB216763, a GSK-3β inhibitor, reversed the effects of LIPUS on Schwann cells.

Conclusion: LIPUS promotes Schwann cell viability and proliferation by increasing Cyclin D1 expression via enhancing the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Keywords: Schwann cell, Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, Cyclin D1, GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway


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APA
Ren, C., Chen, X., Du, N., Geng, S., Hu, Y., Liu, X., Wu, X., Lin, Y., Bai, X., Yin, W., Cheng, S., Yang, L., Zhang, Y. (2018). Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes Schwann cell viability and proliferation via the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 14(5), 497-507. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.22409.

ACS
Ren, C.; Chen, X.; Du, N.; Geng, S.; Hu, Y.; Liu, X.; Wu, X.; Lin, Y.; Bai, X.; Yin, W.; Cheng, S.; Yang, L.; Zhang, Y. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes Schwann cell viability and proliferation via the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 2018, 14 (5), 497-507. DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.22409.

NLM
Ren C, Chen X, Du N, Geng S, Hu Y, Liu X, Wu X, Lin Y, Bai X, Yin W, Cheng S, Yang L, Zhang Y. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes Schwann cell viability and proliferation via the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14(5):497-507. doi:10.7150/ijbs.22409. https://www.ijbs.com/v14p0497.htm

CSE
Ren C, Chen X, Du N, Geng S, Hu Y, Liu X, Wu X, Lin Y, Bai X, Yin W, Cheng S, Yang L, Zhang Y. 2018. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes Schwann cell viability and proliferation via the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Int J Biol Sci. 14(5):497-507.

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