ISSN: 1449-2288International Journal of Biological Sciences
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Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18(7):2655-2669. doi:10.7150/ijbs.68587 This issue Cite
Research Paper
Post-translational Modification in Control of SIRT1 Stability during DNA Damage Response
1. Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
2. State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
3. Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
4. Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
5. Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, China
Abstract
SIRT1 (silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1), a class III histone deacetylase, is known to participate in multiple steps of the DNA damage response (DDR) by deacetylating several key DDR proteins. At present, the mechanisms regulating SIRT1 protein stability upon DNA damage have yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, we reveal that, under severe DNA damage, SIRT1 undergoes two forms of post-translational modifications (PTMs): (i) increased polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation mediated by TRIM28 (tripartite motif-containing protein 28), a RING-domain E3 ligase; and (ii) cleavage at C-terminal mediated by caspases. Importantly, there is reciprocal effects between these forms of PTMs: while suppression of proteasome reduces caspases-mediated cleavage, the cleaved SIRT1 has enhanced interaction with TRIM28, thus facilitating the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of SIRT1. Functionally, SIRT1 works as an anti-apoptotic protein in DDR, and the above-mentioned PTMs of SIRT1 subsequently enhances cell death induced by DNA damage agents. Thus, our study has uncovered a pivotal role of SIRT1 post-translational regulation in determining cell fate in DDR.
Keywords: DDR, SIRT1, TRIM28, caspases, ubiquitination, cleavage
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