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Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19(1):66-88. doi:10.7150/ijbs.73936 This issue Cite

Review

Targeting FGF21 in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases: from mechanism to medicine

Huiling Tan1, Tong Yue1, Zhengfang Chen2, Weiming Wu3, Suowen Xu1✉, Jianping Weng1✉

1. Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
2. Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu Province, China.
3. Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu, China.

✉ Corresponding authors: E-mail: sxu1984edu.cn; wengjpedu.cn.

Citation:
Tan H, Yue T, Chen Z, Wu W, Xu S, Weng J. Targeting FGF21 in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases: from mechanism to medicine. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19(1):66-88. doi:10.7150/ijbs.73936. https://www.ijbs.com/v19p0066.htm
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Abstract

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Cardiovascular and metabolic disease (CVMD) is becoming increasingly prevalent in developed and developing countries with high morbidity and mortality. In recent years, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has attracted intensive research interest due to its purported role as a potential biomarker and critical player in CVMDs, including atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, hypoxia/reoxygenation injury, heart failure, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. This review summarizes the recent developments in investigating the role of FGF21 in CVMDs and explores the mechanism whereby FGF21 regulates the development of CVMDs. Novel molecular targets and related pathways of FGF21 (adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase, silent information regulator 1, autophagy-related molecules, and gut microbiota-related molecules) are highlighted in this review. Considering the poor pharmacokinetics and biophysical properties of native FGF21, the development of new generations of FGF21-based drugs has tremendous therapeutic potential. Related preclinical and clinical studies are also summarized in this review to foster clinical translation. Thus, our review provides a timely and insightful overview of the physiology, biomarker potential, molecular targets, and therapeutic potential of FGF21 in CVMDs.

Keywords: fibroblast growth factor 21, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, targets, therapeutics

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APA
Tan, H., Yue, T., Chen, Z., Wu, W., Xu, S., Weng, J. (2023). Targeting FGF21 in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases: from mechanism to medicine. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 19(1), 66-88. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.73936.

ACS
Tan, H.; Yue, T.; Chen, Z.; Wu, W.; Xu, S.; Weng, J. Targeting FGF21 in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases: from mechanism to medicine. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 2023, 19 (1), 66-88. DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.73936.

NLM
Tan H, Yue T, Chen Z, Wu W, Xu S, Weng J. Targeting FGF21 in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases: from mechanism to medicine. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19(1):66-88. doi:10.7150/ijbs.73936. https://www.ijbs.com/v19p0066.htm

CSE
Tan H, Yue T, Chen Z, Wu W, Xu S, Weng J. 2023. Targeting FGF21 in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases: from mechanism to medicine. Int J Biol Sci. 19(1):66-88.

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